总统演讲稿2020

2018总统演讲稿(4篇)

mr.speaker, lord speaker,prime minister, deputy prime minister,leader of the opposition and distinguished guests:

i am delighted to be with you today.

a chairde:

tá fíor-chaoin áthas orm bheith anseo libh ar ócáid an chéad cuairt stáit seo.

on the first day of this state visit, i have been graciously and warmly welcomed by her majestyqueen elizabeth at windsor castle, and i have come to this place from a poignant anduplifting visit to westminster abbey.i am greatly honoured to be the first president of irelandto addre you in this distinguished palace of westminster.

as a former parliamentarian, honoured to have spent twenty-five years as a member of dáiléireann, and a further decade serving in our upper house, seanad éireann, it constitutes avery special privilege to be speaking today in a place that history has made synonymous withthe principle of democratic governance and with respect for a political discourse that is bothinclusive and pluralist.

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at the very foundation of british democracy is, of course, the magna carta which includes thepowerful statement:

“to no one will we sell, to no one will we deny or delay, right or justice.”

those beautiful and striking words have echoed down the centuries and remain the beatingheart of the democratic tradition.their resonance was felt almost immediately in irelandthrough the magna carta hiberniae – a version of the original charter reiued by theguardians of the young henry iii in november 1216.

they are also words which echo with a particular significance when we have indeed so recentlyseen the adverse consequences of a discourse that regards politics, society and the economyas somehow separate, each from the other; this is a divisive perspective which underminesthe eential relationship between the citizen and the state.today, as both our countries workto build sustainable economies and humane and flourishing societies, we would do well to recallthe words of the magna carta and its challenge to embrace a concept of citizenship rooted inthe principles of active participation, justice and freedom.

such a vision of citizenship is shared by our two peoples.

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考 it is here, in this historic building that,over the centuries, the will of the british people gradually found its full democratic voice.it isinspiring to stand in a place where, for more than

a

century,

in

many their

hundreds different

of ways, dedicatedparliamentarians, represented the interests and aspirations of the irishpeople.

next month marks the centenary of the paing of the home rule act by the house ofcommons – a landmark in our shared history.it was also here that the votes of irishnationalist members of parliament in 1911 were instrumental in the paage of the parliamentact, a critical step in the development of your parliamentary system.

history was also made here in 1918 when the irish electorate chose the first woman to beelected to this parliament – constance markiewicz – who, of course, chose not to take herwestminster seat but, rather, to represent her constituents in our independent parliament,the first dáil éireann.constance’s sister, eva gore-booth, who is buried in hampstead, hadbeen making, and would continue to make, her own distinctive contribution to history – notonly in the irish nationalist struggle, but as part of the suffragette and labour movements inbritain.

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nearly 90 years earlier, the paage of the catholic emancipation act of 1829 was secured bythe leadership of our great irish parliamentarian, daniel o’connell.o’connell’s nationalism setno border to his concern for human rights; his advocacy extended to causes and movementsfor justice around the world, including the struggle to end slavery.he was totally dedicated toseeking freedom, as he put it:

“attained not by the effusion of human blood but by the constitutional combination of goodand wise men.”

while o’connell may not have achieved that ambition during his own lifetime, it was such anidealism that served to guide and influence, so many years later, the achievement of themomentous good friday agreement of 1998.that achievement was founded on thecornerstones of equality, justice and democratic partnership, and was a key milestone on theroad to today’s warm, deep and enduring irish-british friendship.

our two countries can take immense pride in the progre of the cause of peace in northernireland.but of course there is still a road to be travelled – the road of a lasting and creativereconciliation – and our two governments have a shared responsibility to encourage andsupport those who need to complete the journey of making peace permanent

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考 andconstructive, enduring.

mr speaker, lord speaker:

i stand here at a time when the relationship between our two islands has, as i have said,achieved a closene and warmth that once seemed unachievable.the people of ireland greatlycherish the political independence that was secured in 1922 – an independence which wasfought for by my father and many of his generation.the pain and sacrifice aociated with theadvent of irish independence inevitably cast its long shadow acro our relations, causingus, in the words of the irish mp stephen gwynn, to:

“look at each other with doubtful eyes.”

we acknowledge that past but, as you have said, even more, we wholeheartedly welcome theconsiderable achievement of today’s reality – the mutual respect, friendship andcooperation which exists between our two countries, our two peoples.that benign reality wasbrought into sharp relief by the historic visit of queen elizabeth to ireland three years ago.hermajesty’s visit eloquently expreed how far we have come in understanding and respectingour differences, and it demonstrated that we could now look at each other through trustingeyes of mutual respect and shared commitments.

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the ties between us are now strong and resolute.formidable flows of trade and investmentacro the irish sea confer mutual benefit on our two countries.be it in tourism, sport orculture, our people to people connections have never been as close or abundant.

generations of irish emigrants have made their mark on the development of this country.aomeone whose own siblings made their home here at the end of the 1950s, i am very proud ofthe large irish community that is represented in every walk of life in the united kingdom.thatcommunity is the living heart in the evolving british-irish relationship.i greatly cherish howthe irish in britain have preserved and nurtured their culture and heritage while, at the sametime, making a distinctive and valued contribution to the development of modern britain.

mr speaker, lord speaker:

as both our islands enter periods of important centenaries we can and must, reflect on theethical importance of respecting different, but deeply interwoven, narratives.such reflectionwill offer us an opportunity to craft a bright future on the extensive common ground weshare and, where we differ in matters of interpretation, to have respectful empathy for eachother’s perspectives.

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this year the united kingdom commemorates the first world war.in ireland too, we rememberthe large number of our countrymen who entered the battlefields of europe, never to returnhome.amongst those was the irish nationalist mp tom kettle who wrote that:

“this tragedy of europe may be and must be the prologue to the two reconciliations of whichall statesmen have dreamed, the reconciliation of protestant ulster with ireland, and thereconciliation of ireland with great britain.”

it is, i think, significant that kettle refers to “this tragedy of europe.” we must alwaysremember that this brutal and tragic war laid the hand of death on every country in europe.

kettle died as an irish patriot, a british soldier and a true european.he understood that to beauthentically irish we must also embrace our european identity.it is an identification weproudly claim today, an identification we share with the united kingdom, with whom we havesat around the negotiating table in europe for over 40 years.we recognise that it has been inthat european context of mutuality and interdependence that we took the most significantsteps towards each other.

mr speaker, lord speaker:

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i have been struck by the imposing canvases in this room, these depictions of the battles oftrafalgar and waterloo, painted by the irishman daniel maclis.they call to mind anotherfamous painting by this great artist that hangs in the national gallery in dublin.it depicts the12th century marriage of aoife, daughter of the king of leinster, to strongbow, the leader ofthe first anglo-norman force to arrive in ireland.those nuptials took place in the context ofconflict and did not necearily become a harbinger of harmony.neither was there to be amarriage of hearts and minds between our two islands in the following centuries.

today, however, we have a fresh canvas on which to sketch our shared hopes and to advanceour overlapping ambitions.what we now enjoy between ireland and britain is a friendly, co-operative partnership based on mutual respect, reciprocal benefit, and deep and indeliblepersonal links that bind us together in cultural and social terms.

in the final days of his life, the soldier and parliamentarian, to whom i have referred, tomkettle dreamed of a new era of friendship between our two peoples – “free, we are free to beyour friend” – was how he put it in one of his poems.

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the journey then of our shared british-irish relationship towards that freedom has progreedfrom the doubting eyes of estrangement to the trusting eyes of partnership and, in recentyears, to the welcoming eyes of friendship.

i am conscious that i am in the company here of so many distinguished parliamentarianswho have made their own individual contributions to the journey we have travelled together.iacknowledge them and i salute them, as i acknowledge and salute all those who haveselflely worked to build concord between our peoples.i celebrate our warm friendship and ilook forward with confidence to a future in which that friendship can grow even more resoluteand more productive.

gur fada a ghabhfaidh pobail agus parlaimintí an dá oileán seo le chéile go síochánta, goséanmhar agus sa chairdeas buandlúite idir éire agus an bhreatain.

long may our two peoples and their parliaments walk together in peace, prosperity and evercloser friendship between ireland and britain.

mr speaker, members, thank you again for your kind welcome.

go raibh míle maith agaibh go léir.奥巴马总统在白宫复活节祈祷早餐会英语演讲稿 2018总统演讲稿（2） good morning, everybody.(applause.) thank you, thank you,

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考 thank you very much.please,please have a seat.thank you so much.well, good morning, everybody.

welcome to the white house andwelcome to our annual easter prayer breakfast.as always,we are bleed to be joined by so many good

friends

fromaround

the

country.we"vegotdistinguished guests.we"ve got faithleaders, members of my administration who are here.and i will once again resist the temptationto preach to preachers.(laughter.) it never worksout well.i am reminded of the admonition from the bookof romans -- “do not claim to bewiser than you are.” (laughter.) so this morning, i want to offer some very brief reflections aswe startthis easter season.

but as i was preparing myremarks, something intervened yesterday.and so i want to justdevote a few words about yesterday"s tragedy inkansas.this morning our prayers are withthepeople of overland park.and we"restill learning the details, but this much we know.a gunmanopened fire at two jewish facilities-- a community center and a retirement home.innocentpeople were killed.their families were devastated.and this violence has struck the heart ofthe jewish community in kansascity.

two of the victims -- agrandfather and his teenage [grand]

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考 son -- attended the unitedmethodist churchof the resurrection, which is led by our friend reverend adam hamilton.some of you may know that during myinauguration, reverend hamilton delivered the sermonat the prayer service atthe national cathedral.and i wasgrateful for his presence and hiswords.he joined us at our breakfast last year.and at the easter service for palm sunday lastnight, he had to breakthis terrible news to his congregation.

that this occurred now -- as jewswere preparing to celebrate paover, as christians wereobserving palm sunday--makes this tragedy all the more painful.and today, as paoverbegins, we"re seeing a number of synagogues andjewish community centers take addedsecurity precautions.nobody should have to worry about theirsecurity when gathering withtheir fellow believers.no one should ever have to fear for theirsafety when they go to pray.

and as a government, we"re goingto provide whatever aistance is needed to support theinvestigation.as americans, we not only need to open ourhearts to the families of the victims,we"ve got to stand united against thiskind of terrible violence, which has no place in oursociety.and we have to keep coming together acrofaiths to combat the ignorance

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考 andintolerance, including anti-semitism thatcan lead to hatred and to violence, because we"reall children of god.we"re all made in his image, all worthy ofhis love and dignity.and we seewhathappens around the world when this kind of religious-based or tinged violencecan rear itsugly head.it"s got no placein our society.

so this easter week, of course werecognize that there"s a lot of pain and a lot of sin and alot of tragedy inthis world, but we"re also overwhelmed by the grace of an awesome god.we"rereminded how he loves us, so deeply,that he gave his only begotten son so that we might livethrough him.and in these holy days, we recall all thatjesus endured for us -- the scorn of thecrowds and the pain of thecrucifixion, in our christian religious tradition we celebrate theglory of theresurrection -- all so that we might be forgiven of our sins and grantedeverlastinglife.

and more than 2,000 years later,it inspires us still.we are drawn tohis timele teachings,challenged to be worthy of his sacrifice, to emulate asbest we can his eternal example tolove one another just as he loves us.and of course, we"re always reminded each andevery daythat we fall short of that example.and none of us are free from sin, but we look to his

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考 life andstrive,knowing that “if we love one another, god lives in us, and his love isperfected in us.”

i"ll tell you, i felt this spiritwhen i had the great honor of meeting his holine, popefrancis,recently.i think it"s fair to say thatthose of us of the christian faith, regardle of ourdenomination, have beentouched and moved by pope francis.now,some of it is his words --his meage of justice and inclusion, especially forthe poor and the outcast.he implores ustosee the inherent dignity in each human being.but it"s also his deeds, simple yet profound--hugging the homele man, and washing the feet of somebody who normallyordinary folkswould just pa by on the street.he reminds us that all of us, no matter whatour station, havean obligation to live righteously, and that we all have anobligation to live humbly.becausethat"s, in fact, the example that we profe to follow.

so i had a wonderful conversationwith pope francis, mostly about the imperatives ofaddreing poverty andinequality.and i invited him to come tothe united states, and isincerely hope he will.when we exchanged gifts he gave me a copy ofhis inspiring writings, “the joy of the gospel.” and there is a paage that speaks to ustoday: “christ"s resurrection,”hewrites, “is not an event of the past; it contains a vital

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考 power which haspermeated this world.”and he adds,“jesus did not rise in vain.may wenever remain on the sidelines of this march ofliving hope!”

so this morning, my main meageis just to say thank you to all of you, because you don"tremain on thesidelines.i want to thank you for yourministries, for your good works, for themarching you do for justice anddignity and inclusion, for the ministries that all of you attendto and havehelped organize throughout your communities each and every day to feedthehungry and house the homele and educate children who so desperately need aneducation.you have made a difference inso many different ways, not only here in the united states butoverseas aswell.and that includes a cause close tomy heart, my brother"s keeper, an initiativethat we recently launched to makesure that more boys and young men of color can overcomethe odds and achievetheir dreams.

and we"re joined by several faithleaders who are doing outstanding work in this areamentoring and helping youngmen in tough neighborhoods.we"re alsojoined by some of theseyoung men who are working hard and trying to be goodstudents and good sons and goodcitizens.and i want to say to each of those young men here, we"re proud of you,and we expecta lot of you.and

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考 we"regoing to make sure that we"re there for you so that you then in turn willbethere for the next generation of young men.

and i mention all this because ofall of our many partners for my brother"s keeper, it"s clergylike you and yourcongregations that can play a special role to be that spiritual andethicalfoundation, that rock that so many young men need in their lives.

so i want to thank all of you whoare already involved.i invite those whoare not to get moreinformation, see if you can join in this effort as brothersand sisters in christ who “never tire ofdoing good.”

in closing, i"ll just recall thatold prayer that i think more than one preacher has invoked atthe pulpit: “lord, fill my mouth with worthwhile stuff,and nudge me when i"ve said enough.” (laughter.) the almighty isnudging me.i thank you for joining usthis morning of prayer.iwish you all ableed holy week and easter, and i"d like to invite my friend joel huntertodeliver the opening prayer.come on up,joel.(applause.) 南非前总统曼德拉励志英语演讲稿（双语） 2018总统演讲稿（3） 下面是xx小编为你精心编辑整理的南非前总统曼德拉励志英语演讲稿，希望对你有所帮助!

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i am prepared to die for an ideal

为理想我愿献出生命

february 11,1990

1990年2月11日

i have fought against white domination, and i have fought against black domination.i have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony with equal opportunities.it is an ideal which i hope to live for and to see realized.but if needs be, it is an ideal for which i am prepared to die.

我反对白人统治，也反对黑人统治。我珍视民主和自由社会的理想，在这个社会中，人人和睦相处，机会均等。我希望为这个理想而生，并希望能实现这个理想。但是如果需要，为理想我愿献出生命。

my friends, comrades, and fellow south africans: i greet you all in the name of peace, democracy, and freedom for all.i stand here before you not as a prophet but as a humble servant of you, the people.your tirele and heroic sacrifices have made it poible for me to be here today.i therefore have placed the remaining years of my life in your , i extend my sincere and warmest gratitude to the millions of my compatriots and those in every corner of the globe who have campaigned tirelely for my release.i extend special greetings to the

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考 people of cape town, the city through which — which has been my home for three decades.your ma marches and other forms of struggle have served as a constant source of strength to all political .it has fulfilled our every expectation in its role as leader of the great march to , comrade oliver tambo, for leading the anc even under the most difficult circumstances.

我的朋友们、同志们和南非同胞们：
我以和平、民主和全人类自由的名义，向你们大家致意。今天我站在你们面前，不是作为一名预言家，而是作为人民的谦卑公仆。你们不懈的奋斗和英勇的牺牲才使我今天有可能站在这里，因此，我要把余生献给你们。在我获释的今天，我要向千百万同胞，向世界各地为我的获释作出过不懈努力的人们，致以真诚的、最热烈的感谢。

我要特别感谢开普敦的人民，我以开普敦为家住了30年。你们大规模的游行示威和其他形式的斗争一直是所有政治犯们的力量源泉。我向非国大会议致敬。作为一个领导我们奔向自由的政党，它实现了我们对它的所有期望。我向我们的主席——奥利弗·坦博同志致敬，他在最艰难的环境下领导着非国大。

i salute the rank?and?file members of the anc: you have sacrificed life and limb in the pursuit of the noble cause of our , like solomon mahlangu and ashley kriel, who have paid the ultimate price for the freedom of all south africans.i salute the south african communist party for its sterling contribution

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考 to the struggle for democracy.you have survived 40 years of unrelenting persecution.the memory of great communists like moses kotane, yusuf dadoo, bram fischer, and moses mabhida will be cherished for generations to come.i salute general secretary joe slovo, one of our finest patriots.we are heartened by the fact that the alliance between ourselves and the party remains as strong as it — it always , the national education crisis committee, the south african youth congre, the transvaal and natal indian congrees, and cosatu, and the many other formations of the ma democratic movement.i also salute the black sash and the national union of south african students.we note with pride that you have looked — that you have acted as the conscience of white south africa.even during the darkest days in the history of our struggle you held the flag of liberty high.the large?scale ma mobilization of the past few years is one of the key factors which led to the opening of the final chapter of our — your organized strength is the pride of our movement.you remain the most dependable force in the struggle to end exploitation and oppreion.

我向非国大的普通党员们致敬：你们在争取自由的伟大事业中赴汤蹈火英勇献身。我向“民族之矛”的战士们——如所罗门·马赫兰古和艾希莉·柯瑞尔——致敬，他们为了全体南非人的自由而流尽了

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考 最后一滴血。我向南非共产党致敬，它为南非的民主斗争作出了非凡的贡献。你们经受了40年的无情迫害而坚持了下来。南非世世代代的人民都将怀念摩西·科达恩、余素夫·达都、布莱姆·费舍尔以及摩西·马西达等伟大的共产主义者。我向秘书长乔·斯洛沃致敬，他是我们最杰出的爱国者之一。一个鼓舞人心的事实是，我们和共产党的联盟依然一如既往地坚不可摧。我向统一民主阵线、国民教育危机处理委员会、南非青年会、德兰士瓦省及纳塔尔印度人大会、南非贸易联合会以及其他各种形式的群众民主运动组织致敬。我还要向“黑肩带”妇女协会以及南非学生国民联合会致敬。我们骄傲地看到你们的言行代表了南非白人的良知。即便在我们斗争史上最黑暗的岁月里，你们也高举着民主自由的大旗。过去几年里，大规模的群众动员是揭开我们斗争最后篇章的主要因素之一。我要向我们国家的劳动阶级致敬。你们团结起来的力量是我们争取自由运动的骄傲。你们依然是我们反剥削反压迫斗争中最可依赖的力量。

i pay tribute — i pay tribute to the many religious communities who carried the campaign for justice forward when the organizations of our people were silenced.i greet the traditional leaders of our country — many among you continue to walk in the footsteps of great heroes like hintsa and , you, the young lions.you, the young lions, have energized our entire struggle.i pay tribute to the mothers and wives and sisters of our nation.you are the rock?hard foundation of our struggle.

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考 apartheid has inflicted more pain on you than on anyone , we thank the world — we thank the world community for their great contribution to the anti?apartheid struggle.without your support our struggle would not have reached this advanced stage.the sacrifice of the frontline states will be remembered by south africans , black and white, recognize that apartheid has no future.it has to be ended by our own decisive ma action in order to build peace and security.

我向众多宗教团体致敬，在我们的组织被压制得鸦雀无声时，他们挺身而出，展开争取正义的运动。我向我国过去的领导者们致敬，你们中的很多人继续沿着亨萨、瑟库库内等伟大英雄们的足迹前进。我向年轻的英雄主义者们致敬，你们是年轻的雄狮。你们——年轻的雄狮们，给我们整个斗争中注入了活力。我向我们国家里的母亲们、妻子们、姐妹们致敬。你们是我们进行斗争的坚强基石。种族隔离烙在你们身心上的伤痕比任何人的都多。在这个时刻，我们感谢世界——我们感谢世界这个大团体在反对种族隔离的斗争中所作出的伟大贡献。没有你们的支持，我们的斗争不会到达这个新阶段。那些走在斗争前列的国家所付出的牺牲将会被南非人民永远铭记。如果不向我深爱的妻子和家人表示深深的感激，那么我的致敬将是残缺不全的。在我漫长而孤独的铁窗生涯中，他们给了我力量。我相信你们经受的痛苦和苦难远远超过了我自己。在我进一步演讲之前，我愿意阐明我的观点，就是在当前阶段，我只打算对一些问题做初步的评论。等到

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考 我有机会和我的同志们深入切磋之后，我将发表一个更加全面的声明。今天，无论是黑人还是白人，大多数南非人都已认识到种族隔离制度已经走到尽头。我们必须果敢地采取我们自己的群众运动来确保国家的和平与安全。

the ma campaigns of defiance and other actions of our organizations and people can only culminate in the establishment of continent is in calculable.the fabric of family life of millions of my people has been shattered.millions are homele and unemployed.our economy — our economy lies in ruins and our people are embroiled in political strife.our resort to the armed struggle in 1960 with the formation of the military wing of the anc, umkhonto we sizwe, was a purely defensive action against the violence of apartheid.the factors which neceitated the armed struggle still exist today.we have no option but to continue.we expre the hope that a climate conducive to a negotiated settlement will be created soon so that there may no longer be the need for the armed , strategies, and , i feel duty?bound to make the point that a leader of the movement is a person who has been democratically elected at a national conference.this is a principle which must be upheld without any , i wish to report to you that my talks with the government have been aimed at

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考 normalizing the political situation in the country.we have not as yet begun discuing the basic demands of the struggle.i wish to stre that i myself have at no time entered into negotiations about the future of our country except to insist on a meeting between the anc and the has gone further than any other nationalist president in taking real steps to normalize the situation.however, there are further steps, as outlined in the harare declaration, that have to be met before negotiations on the basic demands of our people can begin.i reiterate our call for, inter alia, the immediate ending of the state of emergency and the freeing of all, and not only some, political prisoners.only such a normalized situation, which allows for free political activity, can allow us to consult our people in order to obtain a mandate.the people need to be consulted on who will negotiate and on the content of such negotiations.negotiations cannot take place — negotiations cannot take place above the heads or behind the backs of our people.it is our belief that the future of our country can only be determined by a body which is democratically elected on a non?racial basis.negotiations on the dismantling of apartheid will have to addre the overwhelming demands of our people for a democratic, non?racial and unitary south africa.there must

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考 be an end to white monopoly on political power and a fundamental restructuring of our political and economic systems to ensure that the inequalities of apartheid are addreed and our society thoroughly , we base our policy and strategy on the harsh reality we are faced with.and this reality is that we are still suffering under the policies of the nationalist , so that the proce towards democracy is rapid and uninterrupted.we have waited too long for our freedom.we can no longer wait.now is the time to intensify the struggle on all fronts.to relax our efforts now would be a mistake which generations to come will not be able to ? role in a united democratic and non?racial south africa is the only way to peace and racial harmony.in conclusion, i wish to quote my own words during my trial in 1964.they are as true today as they were then.i spoke: i have fought against white domination and i have fought against black domination.i have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and — and with equal opportunities.it is an ideal which i hope to live for and to achieve.but if needs be, it is an ideal for which i am prepared to die.

我国各个团体和我国人民的大规模反抗等运动只有在民主制度的确立中才能达到高峰。种族隔离制度给我们这片次大陆造成了难以

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考 估量的破坏。我们成千上万人的家庭生活遭到了毁坏。几百万人流离失所，没有工作。我们的经济遭到严重破坏，我们的人民卷入了政治冲突。我们在1960年诉诸武装斗争，建立了非洲人民国民大会的战斗组织——“民族之矛”，这纯属为反抗种族隔离制度的暴力而采取的自卫行动。过去那些要求我们必须进行武装斗争的种种因素在今天依然存在，因此除了继续进行武装斗争外我们别无选择。我们希望，不久将会出现一种有利于通过谈判解决问题的局面，这样就可以刀枪入库马放南山了。我是非洲人国民大会忠于职守、遵守纪律的一员。因此，我完全赞同它所提出的所有目标、战略和战术。和以往一样，现在的重要任务是把我国人民团结起来。任何个别领导人都无法独自肩负起这个重担。作为领袖，我们的任务是向我们的组织阐明观点，并允许通过民主机制来决定我们前进的方向。对于实行民主问题，我感到有责任强调一点，即民主运动的领导人要由全国大会通过民主选举而产生，这是一条必须坚持且不能破例的原则。今天，我愿意向你们报告一下，我同政府进行一系列会谈的目的一直是让我国的政治局势正常化。迄今为止我们还没有开始讨论本次斗争的基本要求。我愿意强调一下，就我国的未来前途，我除了坚持要求在非国大和政府之间进行磋商以外，本人决不会介入和政府的谈判。在采取切实可行的措施使局势正常化方面，德·克勒克先生比任何一位民族主义总统走得都远。但是就如同《哈拉雷宣言》规划的那样，在就我们人民的基本需要展开谈判之前，我们还有更多措施需要实施。其中，我特别强调，我们要求立即结束紧急状态并释放所有而不是一部分政治犯。只

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考 有在一个允许人们自由从事政治活动的正常化的环境里，我们才得以和人民商议以便取得人民的授权。在谁将参与谈判以及谈判内容上，我们都需要和人民商议。谈判不能——谈判不能凌驾于我国人民之上或背着人民进行。我们相信，我国的未来只能由一个在不分肤色的基础上通过民主选举而产生的机构来决定。消灭种族隔离制度的谈判必须满足我国人民的压倒一切的要求，即建立一个民主的、不分种族的和统一的南非。由白人垄断政治权力的状况必须结束，还必须从根本上重建我国的政治制度和经济制度，以便确保种族隔离制度产生的不平等问题得到解决，并保证我们的社会彻底实现民主。有一点必须另加说明，就是德·克勒克先生本人是一个正直之人，他准确认识到，一个公众人物如不履行其职责必将带来后患。但是作为一个组织，我们基于我们所面临的严酷现实来制定我们的政策和策略，这个严酷现实就是我们依然在民族主义政府的政策下苦苦挣扎。我们的斗争已经到了关键性时刻。我们呼吁人民要抓住这个时机，以便加快我们的民主进程并不使其中断。对于自由我们等待得太久。我们不能再等了。现在是我们在各条战线上加强斗争的时候了。

现在我们若放松努力将铸成大错，我们的子孙后代将不会原谅我们。地平线上出现一抹自由的曙光，这曙光会激励我们加倍努力。只有通过有纪律的群众运动，我们的胜利才有保障。我们呼吁白人同胞加入到我们塑造一个新南非的行列中来。自由运动也是你们的政治家园。我们呼吁国际社会继续孤立这个实行种族隔离制度的政府。取消对这个政府的制裁就等于冒险，而这种冒险可能会导致根除族隔离制度的进程流产。我们迈向自

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考 由的步伐不会逆转。我们绝不允许让畏惧挡住我们前进的道路。按照选民共同的职责，在民主统一且不分种族的南非实行普选，是通向和平与种族和谐的唯一途径。最后，我想引用一段我在1964年受审时说过的话。这段话在当时是正确的，在今天依然正确。我说：我为反对白人统治而斗争，也为反对黑人统治而斗争。我珍视有一个民主和自由社会的理想，在这个社会里，人人和睦相处，机会均等。我为这个理想而生，并希望实现这个理想。但是如果需要，我也准备为这个理想而死。

南非总统祖马就曼德拉去世英语演讲稿 2018总统演讲稿（4） my fellow south africans,

our beloved nelson rolihlahla mandela, the founding president of our democratic nation has departed.

he paed on peacefully in the company of his family around 20h50 on the 5th of december XX.

he is now resting.he is now at peace.

our nation has lost its greatest son.our people have lost a father.

although we knew that this day would come, nothing can diminish(减少) our sense of a profound and enduring lo.

his tirele struggle for freedom earned him the respect of the world.

his humility, his compaion, and his humanity earned him

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考 their love.our thoughts and prayers are with the mandela family.to them we owe a debt of gratitude.

they have sacrificed much and endured much so that our people could be free.

our thoughts are with his wife mrs graca machel, his former wife ms winnie madikizela-mandela, with his children, his grand-children, his great grand-children and the entire family.

our thoughts are with his friends, comrades and colleagues who fought alongside madiba over the course of a lifetime of struggle.

our thoughts are with the south african people who today mourn the lo of the one person who, more than any other, came to embody their sense of a common nationhood.

our thoughts are with the millions of people acro the world who embraced madiba as their own, and who saw his cause as their cause.

this is the moment of our deepest sorrow.

our nation has lost its greatest son.

yet, what made nelson mandela great was precisely what made him human.we saw in him what we seek in ourselves.

and in him we saw so much of ourselves.

fellow south africans,

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考

nelson mandela brought us together, and it is together that we will bid him farewell.

our beloved madiba will be accorded a state funeral.

i have ordered that all flags of the republic of south africa be lowered to half-mast from tomorrow, 6 december, and to remain at half-mast until after the funeral.

as we gather to pay our last respects, let us conduct ourselves with the dignity and respect that madiba personified.

let us be mindful of his wishes and the wishes of his family.

as we gather, wherever we are in the country and wherever we are in the world, let us recall the values for which madiba fought.

let us reaffirm his vision of a society in which none is exploited, oppreed or dispoeed by another.

let us commit ourselves to strive together – sparing neither strength nor courage – to build a united, non-racial, non-sexist, democratic and prosperous south africa.

let us expre, each in our own way, the deep gratitude we feel for a life spent in service of the people of this country and in the cause of humanity.

this is indeed the moment of our deepest sorrow.

yet it must also be the moment of our greatest determination.

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考

a determination to live as madiba has lived, to strive as madiba has strived and to not rest until we have realised his vision of a truly united south africa, a peaceful and prosperous africa, and a better world.

we will always love you madiba!

may your soul rest in peace.

god ble africa.

nkosi sikelel" iafrika.

——文章来源网络，仅供分享学习参考

竞选演讲稿

尊敬的各位领导，各位同仁，大家好：

十分荣幸能参加这次高级客户经理竞聘。

本人王真琴，大专学历，在2009年取得高级职业技能岗位证书，我相信自己各方面是符合高级客户经理条件的。首先，因为本人有十二年的客户服务工作经验，我有能力处理好各种事务。对市区的客户基本全部走访过，十分了解，具有较高的协调能力。其次，我还有较强的应变能力，能够及时超额地完成公司下达的各项工作任务。我能够为集体利益牺牲小我。积极参与公司突发事件的处理，加班加点。最后，我会虚心向各位领导同事学习，取长补短。

作为一名客户经理，要具备市场营销知识，服务营销知识，卷烟品牌培育知识，电脑网络知识，安全防范知识等等，当然还要有一个健康地体魄。在今后的工作中我要做好以下几点：

1、认真做好本职工作。及时出色地完成公司下达的各项任务；

2、高效制定并实施客户拜访计划，卷烟品牌培育任务，做好市场调查与信息处理，主动积极地完成领导交办的事，满腔热忱地工作，成为领导的好帮手。

3、要学以致用，帮助客户营销。对那些经营不善的客户，尤其要提供个性化服务。给予零售户更多实实在在的服务，对客户来说，增长的不仅仅是他们的经营利润，更多是服务意识的觉醒，让客户与我们共同成长。

4、努力学习，与时俱进，进一步提高自身综合素质，要天天坚持跳广场舞，加强自己体能的锻炼，不断充实自己，去适应更高职业化素养的需求。在工作实践中，去体验人生的价值。

我要始终保持一颗积极向上的心，历练一个更加优秀的我，各位领导各位同仁，信任我，就请投我一票，我会充分发挥自己的聪明才智，把客户经理工作做得更加出色。

谢谢大家

篇1：奥巴马2012总统竞选演讲内容 奥巴马2012总统竞选演讲文章

今天，我们正式启动了2012年总统竞选活动。

我们之所以用这种方式开始竞选，是因为我们认为，政治不该是昂贵的电视广告或夸张的娱乐表演。而是与你们以及其他人一起，一个街区一个街区地组织，与邻居、同事和朋友们交谈。

而这种竞选活动需要花费一定的时间。

所以，虽然我忙于你们所赋予我的总统职务，虽然竞选活动最繁忙的日子也不过一年多，我们的竞选基础工作还是得立即启动了。

我们早就知道，长远的变革从来不会快速轻易地到来，从不。

但是，为了确保我的行政团队和遍布全国的伙伴能够保护我们已经取得以及仍将取得的进步，我们还是需要及早准备，为2012年的选举切实动员起来。

在此起步时刻，我想与大家共享一段视频，那是一些跟你们一样的伙伴，他们正在帮助开始竞选工作。请耐心看一下。

在接下来的几天里，你们这些支持者需要在全国的各个城市和乡镇建立一个新的竞选组织。

当深远意义的竞选活动开始之初，我需要你们制定一个比以往任何时候都更具针对性、更具创造性的计划。

我们将从一些从未做过的事情着手：在每一个州的支持者中间，开展数百万次的一对一谈话，来凝聚老朋友、争取新朋友，为明年的选举做好准备。

这将是我的最后一次竞选活动，至少作为一个总统候选人。

但是，为我们的家庭、社区和国家带来长远变革的事业，却从来不会系于一人。

唯有大家协同努力，这一事业才会成功。

随着竞选活动的深入推进，会有更多的事情等待着我们。

今天，让我们再明确一下：你们每个人都在帮助开始这项工作，请把这里的信息传递出去 谢谢。

巴拉克

英文声明全文：

obama re-election bid announcement us president barack obama has announced his intention to stand for a second term in office in 2012.here is the full text of the e-mail, published by us media outlets.today, we are filing papers to launch our 2012 campaign.were doing this now because the politics we believe in does not start with expensive tv ads or extravaganzas, but with you - with people organizing block-by-block, talking to neighbors, co-workers, and friends.and that kind of campaign takes time to build.so even though im focused on the job you elected me to do, and the race may not reach full speed for a year or more, the work of laying the foundation for our campaign must start today.it never does.as we take this step, id like to share a video that features some folks like you who are helping to lead the way on this journey.please take a moment to watch: well start by doing something unprecedented: coordinating millions of one-on-one conversations between supporters acro every single state, reconnecting old friends, inspiring new ones to join the cause, and readying ourselves for next years fight.this will be my final campaign, at least as a candidate.and it will succeed only if we work together.today, simply let us know youre in to help us begin, and then spread the word: thank you, barack paid for by obama for america篇2：美国首任黑人总统奥巴马竞选演讲稿(中英) obama: the change we need reserve chairman alan greenspan now believes was a mistake.america needs a new direction.thats why im running for president of the united states.tomorrow, you can give this country the change we need.if theres one thing weve learned from this economic crisis, its that we are all in this together.from ceos to shareholders, from financiers to factory workers, we all have a stake in each others succe because the more americans prosper, the more america prospers.thats why weve had titans of industry whove made it their miion to pay well enough that their employees could afford the products they made -- businemen like warren buffett, whose support im proud to have.thats why our economy hasnt just been the worlds greatest wealth creator -- its been the worlds greatest job generator.its been the tide that has lifted the boats of the largest middle cla in history.to rebuild that middle cla, ill give a tax break to 95% of workers and their families.if you work, pay taxes, and make le than $200,000, youll get a tax cut.if you make more than$250,000, youll still pay taxes at a lower rate than in the 1990s -- and capital gains and dividend taxes one-third lower than they were under president reagan.well create two million new jobs by rebuilding our crumbling infrastructure and laying broadband lines that reach every corner of the country.ill invest $15 billion a year over the next decade in renewable energy, creating five million new, green jobs that pay well, cant be outsourced, and can help end our dependence on middle east oil.none of this will be easy.it wont happen overnight.but i believe we can do this because i believe in america.this is the country that allowed our parents and grandparents to believe that even if they couldnt go to college, they could save a little bit each week so their child could; that even if they couldnt have their own busine, they could work hard enough so their child could open one of their own.and at every moment in our history, weve risen to meet our challenges because weve never forgotten the fundamental truth that in america, our destiny is not written for us, but by us.so tomorrow, i ask you to write our nations next great chapter.i ask you to believe -- not just in my ability to bring about change, but in yours.tomorrow, you can choose policies that invest in our middle cla, create new jobs, and grow this economy so that everyone has a chance to succeed.you can choose hope over fear, unity over division, the promise of changeover the power of the status quo.if you give me your vote, we wont just win this election -- together, we will change this country and change the world.现在是美国历史的关键时刻。我们面临着大萧条以来最为严重的一场经济危机：今年以来已经有76万人失业；
企业和家庭无法获得信贷；
房价不断下滑，养老金日益缩水；
工资降到了十年来的最低水平，同时医疗和教育成本却涨到了有史以来的最高点。

在眼下这样的危急时刻，我们承受不起又一个四年的支出增长、千疮百孔的减税措施、或是监管全无──即使是美国联邦储备委员会（fed）前主席格林斯潘（alan greenspan）现在也承认那是个错误。美国需要一个新的方向。这也正是我竞选美国总统的原因所在。

明天，也就是周二，你们将有能力赋予这个国家我们所需要的变革。

corbis我的竞选对手麦凯恩参议员为美国作出的贡献令人尊敬。他甚至可以指出他过去曾有几次与自己的党派分道扬镳。然而，在过去八年中，他十之八九都赞同布什总统的主张。而在经济问题上，他仍然无法向美国民众说明，他与布什的做法会有什么太大区别。

如果提出的税收计划没有让1亿多美国中产阶级获得一分钱的税项减免，这不是变革──即使是《国家评论》（national review）杂志和其他保守派组织也抱怨说，这个计划对造福中产阶级贡献寥寥。在近年来不断累积的财政赤字上再添5万亿美元，这不是变革。如果解决房市危机的计划又将另外3,000亿美元纳税人的钱置于风险之中，这不是变革──《华尔街日报》编辑委员会称这一计划“产生的问题比解决的问题多”。

如果说我们从此次经济危机中学到了什么的话，那就是我们要患难与共。从首席执行长到公司股东，从金融家到工厂工人，我们每个人都休戚相关，因为美国的民众越富足，美国才会越繁荣。

这就是为什么我们有些企业巨头把提高员工薪酬作为自己的一项使命，让员工能买得起自己生产的产品，比如巴菲特（warren buffett）这样的商界人士。我对能有他的支持感到自豪。这就是为什么美国经济不仅是世界上最伟大的财富创造者，也是世界上最伟大的就业机会制造者。它一直托举着有史以来规模最大的中产阶级之舟。

为了重塑美国中产阶级，我将给予95%的工人及其家庭税收减免待遇。如果你工作，就交税；
如果年收入不足20万美元，你会获得减税；
即使你的年收入超过了25万美元，你所负担的税率也比上世纪九十年代要低──资本利得税和股息税要比里根总统时期低三分之一。通过重建日益破败的基础设施、在美国的各个角落接通宽带，我们将创造200万个就业岗位。未来的十年中，我将每年在可再生能源领域投资150亿美元，进而新增500万个岗位；
这些工作环保、薪酬丰厚、不能外包，而且能帮助我们摆脱对中东石油的依赖。在医疗问题上，我们不必在政府运营的体系和目前这种我们难以负担的体系之间进行选择。我的竞选对手提出的方案会令美国人有史以来首次为自己获得的医疗福利纳税。我的计划则会让医疗保健成为每个美国人都负担得起、享受得到的服务。根据我的计划，如果你已经有了医疗保险，你将看到的唯一一个变化是保费降低；
如果你还没有医疗保险，你将能与国会议员们享受到同样的医疗福利。

为了让每个孩子享受到世界级的教育，让他们能在全球经济中竞争21世纪的工作岗位，我将投资早期教育，并且增加师资力量。不过，我同时也会要求更高的标准和更多的责任。我们向每个美国年轻人作出承诺：如果你致力于服务你的社区或是你的国家，我们将确保你能负担得起自己的学费。

在国防安全问题上，我将负责任地结束伊拉克战争，这样我们就不必在这个国家享有巨额财政盈余的情况下每月却要在那里花费100亿美元。为了美国的经济、美国的军队和伊拉克的长期稳定，现在是伊拉克人站出来的时候了。我将最终完成对本·拉登（bin laden）和基地组织恐怖分子的打击，正是这些人制造了9/11恐怖袭击，同时我还会建立新的合作关系、击退21世纪出现的威胁，恢复我们的道德威望，让美国仍然是地球上最后也是最好的希望。

这些事情没有一件是轻而易举能办到的，也不是一朝一夕能完成的。但是，我坚信我们能成功，因为我对美国深信不疑。是美国使我们的父辈相信，即使他们自己无法上大学，也可以每周积攒下一些钱来，让他们的孩子接受好的教育；
即使他们不能拥有自己的企业，也可以通过努力工作让自己的孩子创办企业。在美国历史的每个时刻，我们都勇敢地站起来面对挑战，因为我们从来没有忘记过这样一个基本真理：在美国，我们的命运并非天定，而是掌握在我们自己的手中。所以，明天，我恳请你们书写美国下一个伟大的篇章。我恳请你们不只相信我带来变革的能力，还有你们自己的能力。明天，你们可以选择这样一种政策──向美国中产阶级进行投入、创造新的就业岗位、实现经济增长让人人都有成功的机会。你们可以选择希望而非恐惧、选择团结而非分裂、选择变革的希望而非墨守成规。如果你们投我的票，我们将不仅赢得此次竞选，还将一起改变这个国家、改变这个世界。篇3：经典总统竞选演讲稿

经典总统竞选演讲稿

另外，在任何有关这一问题的法律中，应不应该把文明和人道法学中关于自由的各项保证都写上，以防止在任何情况下使一个自由人被作为奴隶交出吗?同时，宪法中还有一条规定，明确保证“每一州的公民都享有其它各州公民所享有公民的一切特权和豁免权”，我们用法律保证使这一条文得以执行，那不是更好吗? 我今天在这里正式宣誓，思想上决无任何保留，也决无意以任何过于挑剔的标准来解释宪法或法律条文。我现在虽不打算详细指出国会的哪些法令必须要遵照执行；
但我建议，我们大家，不论以个人身份还是以公职人员的身份，为了有更多的安全，我们最好服从并遵守现在还没有废除的一切法令，而不要轻易相信可以指之为不合宪法，便可以逃脱罪责，而对它们公然违反。

自从第一任总统根据国家宪法宣誓就职以来，七十二年已经过去了。在这期间，十五位十分杰出的公民相继主持过政府的行政部门。他们引导着它度过了许多艰难险阻；
一般都获得极大的成功。然而，尽管有这么多可供参考的先例，我现在将在宪法所规定的短短四年任期中来担任这同一任务，却．面临着巨大的非同一般的困难。在此以前，***联邦只是受到了威胁，而现在却是已出现力图***它的可怕行动了。

从一般法律和我们的宪法来仔细考虑，我坚信，我们各州组成的联邦是永久性的。在一切国民政府的根本***中永久性这一点，虽不一定写明，却是不言而喻的。我们完全可以肯定说，没有一个名副其实的政府会在自己的根本法中定出一条，规定自己完结的期限。继续执行我国宪法所明文规定的各项条文，联邦便将永远存在下去——除了采取并未见之于宪法的行动，谁也不可能毁灭掉联邦。

各位同志：

大家好！

今天，来自世界各地的我们聚在这里，举行一个隆重而特别的葬礼，为了一条瀑布——塞特凯达斯大瀑布！

由于我国在瀑布上游建起了一座水电站，最后导致瀑布的消失，在此我表示深深的歉意！

同志们，这条世界上流量最大的瀑布，曾是我国的骄傲。因为它，我国增色了不少；
因为它，我国赢得了更多的赞美和声誉。可是，现在这条瀑布却已消失。

下面，请在座的各位同志默哀三分钟。

……（三分钟过去）

塞特凯达斯大瀑布是上天对我国的恩赐，我国能拥有这条瀑布，是十分荣幸的事。相信对巴西以及全世界的每一个人民都是非常高兴的事。可是，现在已不可挽回……

我们要对这条瀑布发出沉重的哀悼，我们唯一能做的，就是保护自然环境，保护自然资源!

虽然塞特凯达斯大瀑布已不可重生，这悲剧已经发生。但是，从今天做起，从小事做起，再也不可忽略。不滥杀动物，不乱砍树木，维护好生态平衡，使塞特凯达斯大瀑布的悲剧不再重演，这是我们对大瀑布的承诺。要切记，保护地球就是保护自己啊！

美国总统罗斯福就职演讲稿

President Hoover, Mr.Chief Justice, my friends:

This is a day of national consecration.And I am certain that on this day my fellow Americans expect that on my induction into the Presidency, I will addre them with a candor and a decision which the present situation of our people impels.

This is preeminently the time to speak the truth, the whole truth, frankly and boldly.Nor need we shrink from honestly facing conditions in our country today.This great Nation will endure, as it has endured, will revive and will prosper.

So, first of all, let me aert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself -- namele, unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts to convert retreat into advance.In every dark hour of our national life, a leadership of frankne and of vigor has met with that understanding and support of the people themselves which is eential to victory.And I am convinced that you will again give that support to leadership in these critical days.

In such a spirit on my part and on yours we face our common difficulties.They concern, thank God, only material things.Values have shrunk to fantastic levels; taxes have risen; our ability to pay has fallen; government of all kinds is faced by serious curtailment of income; the means of exchange are frozen in the currents of trade; the withered leaves of industrial enterprise lie on every side; farmers find no markets for their produce; and the savings of many years in thousands of families are gone.More important, a host of unemployed citizens face the grim problem of existence, and an equally great number toil with little return.Only a foolish optimist can deny the dark realities of the moment.

And yet our distre comes from no failure of substance.We are stricken by no plague of locusts.Compared with the perils which our forefathers conquered, because they believed and were not afraid, we have still much to be thankful for.Nature still offers her bounty and human efforts have multiplied it.Plenty is at our doorstep, but a generous use of it languishes in the very sight of the supply.

Primarily, this is because the rulers of the exchange of mankind"s goods have failed, through their own stubbornne and their own incompetence, have admitted their failure, and have abdicated.Practices of the unscrupulous money changers stand indicted in the court of public opinion, rejected by the hearts and minds of men.

True, they have tried.But their efforts have been cast in the pattern of an outworn tradition.Faced by failure of credit, they have proposed only the lending of more money.Stripped of the lure of profit by which to induce our people to follow their false leadership, they have resorted to exhortations, pleading tearfully for restored confidence.They only know the rules of a generation of self-seekers.They have no vision, and when there is no vision the people perish.

Yes, the money changers have fled from their high seats in the temple of our civilization.We may now restore that temple to the ancient truths.The measure of that restoration lies in the extent to which we apply social values more noble than mere monetary profit.

Happine lies not in the mere poeion of money; it lies in the joy of achievement, in the thrill of creative effort.The joy, the moral stimulation of work no longer must be forgotten in the mad chase of evanescent profits.These dark days, my friends, will be worth all they cost us if they teach us that our true destiny is not to be ministered unto but to minister to ourselves, to our fellow men.

Recognition of that falsity of material wealth as the standard of succe goes hand in hand with the abandonment of the false belief that public office and high political position are to be valued only by the standards of pride of place and personal profit; and there must be an end to a conduct in banking and in busine which too often has given to a sacred trust the likene of callous and selfish wrongdoing.Small wonder that confidence languishes, for it thrives only on honesty, on honor, on the sacredne of obligations, on faithful protection, and on unselfish performance; without them it cannot live.

Restoration calls, however, not for changes in ethics alone.This Nation is asking for action, and action now.

Our greatest primary task is to put people to work.This is no unsolvable problem if we face it wisely and courageously.It can be accomplished in part by direct recruiting by the Government itself, treating the task as we would treat the emergency of a war, but at the same time, through this employment, accomplishing great -- greatly needed projects to stimulate and reorganize the use of our great natural resources.

Hand in hand with that we must frankly recognize the overbalance of population in our industrial centers and, by engaging on a national scale in a redistribution, endeavor to provide a better use of the land for those best fitted for the land.

Yes, the task can be helped by definite efforts to raise the values of agricultural products, and with this the power to purchase the output of our cities.It can be helped by preventing realistically the tragedy of the growing lo through foreclosure of our small homes and our farms.It can be helped by insistence that the Federal, the State, and the local governments act forthwith on the demand that their cost be drastically reduced.It can be helped by the unifying of relief activities which today are often scattered, uneconomical, unequal.It can be helped by national planning for and supervision of all forms of transportation and of communications and other utilities that have a definitely public character.There are many ways in which it can be helped, but it can never be helped by merely talking about it.

We must act.We must act quickly.

And finally, in our progre towards a resumption of work, we require two safeguards against a return of the evils of the old order.There must be a strict supervision of all banking and credits and investments.There must be an end to speculation with other people"s money.And there must be provision for an adequate but sound currency.

These, my friends, are the lines of attack.I shall presently urge upon a new Congre in special seion detailed measures for their fulfillment, and I shall seek the immediate aistance of the 48 States.

Through this program of action we addre ourselves to putting our own national house in order and making income balance outgo.Our international trade relations, though vastly important, are in point of time, and neceity, secondary to the establishment of a sound national economy.I favor, as a practical policy, the putting of first things first.I shall spare no effort to restore world trade by international economic readjustment; but the emergency at home cannot wait on that accomplishment.

The basic thought that guides these specific means of national recovery is not nationally -- narrowly nationalistic.It is the insistence, as a first consideration, upon the interdependence of the various elements in and parts of the United States of America -- a recognition of the old and permanently important manifestation of the American spirit of the pioneer.It is the way to recovery.It is the immediate way.It is the strongest aurance that recovery will endure.

In the field of world policy, I would dedicate this Nation to the policy of the good neighbor: the neighbor who resolutely respects himself and, because he does so, respects the rights of others; the neighbor who respects his obligations and respects the sanctity of his agreements in and with a world of neighbors. If I read the temper of our people correctly, we now realize, as we have never realized before, our interdependence on each other; that we can not merely take, but we must give as well; that if we are to go forward, we must move as a trained and loyal army willing to sacrifice for the good of a common discipline, because without such discipline no progre can be made, no leadership becomes effective. We are, I know, ready and willing to submit our lives and our property to such discipline, because it makes poible a leadership which aims at the larger good.This, I propose to offer, pledging that the larger purposes will bind upon us, bind upon us all as a sacred obligation with a unity of duty hitherto evoked only in times of armed strife.

With this pledge taken, I aume unhesitatingly the leadership of this great army of our people dedicated to a disciplined attack upon our common problems.

Action in this image, action to this end is feasible under the form of government which we have inherited from our ancestors.Our Constitution is so simple, so practical that it is poible always to meet extraordinary needs by changes in emphasis and arrangement without lo of eential form.That is why our constitutional system has proved itself the most superbly enduring political mechanism the modern world has ever seen.

It has met every stre of vast expansion of territory, of foreign wars, of bitter internal strife, of world relations.And it is to be hoped that the normal balance of executive and legislative authority may be wholly equal, wholly adequate to meet the unprecedented task before us.But it may be that an unprecedented demand and need for undelayed action may call for temporary departure from that normal balance of public procedure.

I am prepared under my constitutional duty to recommend the measures that a stricken nation in the midst of a stricken world may require.These measures, or such other measures as the Congre may build out of its experience and wisdom, I shall seek, within my constitutional authority, to bring to speedy adoption.

But, in the event that the Congre shall fail to take one of these two courses, in the event that the national emergency is still critical, I shall not evade the clear course of duty that will then confront me.I shall ask the Congre for the one remaining instrument to meet the crisis -- broad Executive power to wage a war against the emergency, as great as the power that would be given to me if we were in fact invaded by a foreign foe.

For the trust reposed in me, I will return the courage and the devotion that befit the time.I can do no le.

We face the arduous days that lie before us in the warm courage of national unity; with the clear consciousne of seeking old and precious moral values; with the clean satisfaction that comes from the stern performance of duty by old and young alike.We aim at the aurance of a rounded, a permanent national life.

We do not distrust the -- the future of eential democracy.The people of the United States have not failed.In their need they have registered a mandate that they want direct, vigorous action.They have asked for discipline and direction under leadership.They have made me the present instrument of their wishes.In the spirit of the gift I take it.

In this dedication -- In this dedication of a Nation, we humbly ask the bleing of God.

May He protect each and every one of us.

May He guide me in the days to come.

美国总统罗斯福就职演讲稿（中文版）

胡佛总统，首席法官先生，朋友们：

今天，对我们的国家来说，是一个神圣的日子。我肯定，同胞们都期待我在就任总统时，会像我国目前形势所要求的那样，坦率而果断地向他们讲话。现在正是坦白、勇敢地说出实话，说出全部实话的最好时刻。我们不必畏首畏尾，不老老实实面对我国今天的情况。这个伟大的国家会一如既往地坚持下去，它会复兴和繁荣起来。因此，让我首先表明我的坚定信念：我们唯一不得不害怕的就是害怕本身--一种莫名其妙、丧失理智的、毫无根据的恐惧，它把人转退为进所需的种种努力化为泡影。凡在我国生活阴云密布的时刻，坦率而有活力的领导都得到过人民的理解和支持，从而为胜利准备了必不可少的条件。我相信，在目前危急时刻，大家会再次给予同样的支持。

我和你们都要以这种精神，来面对我们共同的困难。感谢上帝，这些困难只是物质方面的。价值难以想象地贬缩了；
课税增加了；
我们的支付能力下降了；
各级政府面临着严重的收入短缺；
交换手段在贸易过程中遭到了冻结；
工业企业枯萎的落叶到处可见；
农场主的产品找不到销路；
千家万户多年的积蓄付之东流。

更重要的是，大批失业公民正面临严峻的生存问题，还有大批公民正以艰辛的劳动换取微薄的报酬。只有愚蠢的乐天派会否认当前这些阴暗的现实。

但是，我们的苦恼决不是因为缺乏物资。我们没有遭到什么蝗虫的灾害。我们的先辈曾以信念和无畏一次次转危为安，比起他们经历过的险阻，我们仍大可感到欣慰。大自然仍在给予我们恩惠，人类的努力已使之倍增。富足的情景近在咫尺，但就在我们见到这种 情景的时候，宽裕的生活却悄然离去。这主要是因为主宰人类物资交换的统治者们失败了，他们固执己见而又无能为力，因而已经认定失败了，并撒手不管了。贪得无厌的货币兑换商的种种行径。将受到舆论法庭的起诉，将受到人类心灵理智的唾弃。

是的，他们是努力过，然而他们用的是一种完全过时的方法。面对信贷的失败，他们只是提议借出更多的钱。没有了当诱饵引诱 人民追随他们的错误领导的金钱，他们只得求助于讲道，含泪祈求人民重新给予他们信心。他们只知自我追求者们的处世规则。他们没有眼光，而没有眼光的人是要灭亡的。

如今，货币兑换商已从我们文明庙宇的高处落荒而逃。我们要以千古不变的真理来重建这座庙宇。衡量这重建的尺度是我们体现比金钱利益更高尚的社会价值的程度。

幸福并不在于单纯地占有金钱；
幸福还在于取得成就后的喜悦，在于创造努力时的激情。务必不能再忘记劳动带来的喜悦和激励，而去疯狂地追逐那转瞬即逝的利润。如果这些暗淡的时日能使我们认识到，我们真正的天命不是要别人侍奉，而是为自己和同胞们服务，那么，我们付出的代价就完全是值得的。

认识到把物质财富当作成功的标准是错误的，我们就会抛弃以地位尊严和个人收益为唯一标准，来衡量公职和高级政治地位的错误信念；
我们必须制止银行界和企业界的一种行为，它常常使神圣的委托混同于无情和自私的不正当行为。难怪信心在减弱，信心，只有靠诚实、信誉、忠心维护和无私履行职责。而没有这些，就不可能有信心。

但是，复兴不仅仅只要改变伦理观念。这个国家要求行动起来，现在就行动起来。

我们最大、最基本的任务是让人民投入工作。只要我信行之以智慧和勇气，这个问题就可以解决。这可以部分由政府直接征募完成，就象对待临战的紧要关头一样，但同时，在有了人手的情况下，我们还急需能刺激并重组巨大自然资源的工程。

我们齐心协力，但必须坦白地承认工业中心的人口失衡，我们必须在全国范围内重新分配，使土地在最适合的人手中发表挥更大作用。

明确地为提高农产品价值并以此购买城市产品所做的努力，会有助于任务的完成。避免许多小家庭业、农场业被取消赎取抵押品的权利的悲剧也有助于任务的完成。联邦、州、各地政府立即行动回应要求降价的呼声，有助于任务的完成。将现在常常是分散不经济、不平等的救济活动统一起来有助于任务的完成。对所有公共交通运输，通讯及其他涉及公众生活的设施作全国性的计划及监督有助于任务的完成。许多事情都有助于任务完成，但这些决不包括空谈。我们必须行动，立即行动。

最后，为了重新开始工作，我们需要两手防御，来抗御旧秩序恶魔卷土从来；
一定要有严格监督银行业、信贷及投资的机制：一定要杜绝投机；
一定要有充足而健康的货币供应。

以上这些，朋友们，就是施政方针。我要在特别会议上敦促新国会给予详细实施方案，并且，我要向18个州请求立即的援助。

通过行动，我们将予以我们自己一个有秩序的国家大厦，使收入大于支出。我们的国际贸易，虽然很重要，但现在在时间和必要性上，次于对本国健康经济的建立。我建议，作为可行的策略、首要事务先行。虽然我将不遗余力通过国际经济重新协调所来恢复国际贸易，但我认为国内的紧急情况无法等待这重新协调的完成。

指导这一特别的全国性复苏的基本思想并非狭隘的国家主义。我首先考虑的是坚持美国这一整体中各部分的相互依赖性--这是对美国式的开拓精神的古老而永恒的证明的体现。这才是复苏之路，是即时之路，是保证复苏功效持久之路。

在国际政策方面，我将使美国采取睦邻友好的政策。做一个决心自重，因此而尊重邻国的国家。做一个履行义务，尊重与他国协约的国家。

如果我对人民的心情的了解正确的话，我想我们已认识到了我们从未认识的问题，我们是互相依存的，我们不可以只索取，我们还必须奉献。我们前进时，必须象一支训练有素的忠诚的军队，愿意为共同的原则而献身，因为，没有这些原则，就无法取得进步，领导就不可能得力。我们都已做好准备，并愿意为此原则献出生命和财产，因为这将使志在建设更美好社会的领导成为可能。我倡议，为了更伟大的目标，我们所有的人，以一致的职责紧紧团结起来。这是神圣的义务，非战乱，不停止。

有了这样的誓言，我将毫不犹豫地承担领导伟大人民大军的任务，致力于对我们普遍问题的强攻。这样的行动，这样的目标，在我们从祖先手中接过的政府中是可行的。我们的宪法如此简单，实在。它随时可以应付特殊情况，只需对重点和安排加以修改而不丧失中心思想，正因为如此，我们的宪法体制已自证为是最有适应性的政治体制。它已应付过巨大的国土扩张、外战、内乱及国际关系所带来的压力。

而我们还希望行使法律的人士做到充分的平等，能充分地担负前所未有的任务。但现在前所未有的对紧急行动的需要要求国民暂时丢弃平常生活节奏，紧迫起来。

让我们正视面前的严峻岁月，怀着举国一致给我们带来的热情和勇气，怀着寻求传统的、珍贵的道德观念的明确意识，怀着老老少少都能通过克尽职守而得到的问心无愧的满足。我们的目标是要保证国民生活的圆满和长治久安。

我们并不怀疑基本民主制度的未来。合众国人民并没有失败。他们在困难中表达了自己的委托，即要求采取直接而有力的行动。他们要求有领导的纪律和方向。他们现在选择了我作为实现他们的愿望的工具。我接受这份厚赠。

在此举国奉献之际，我们谦卑地请求上帝赐福。愿上帝保信我们大家和每一个人，愿上帝在未来的日子里指引我。

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